DEFORMATION: Describes an alteration of shape or dimension caused by stress, expansion, or contraction because of temperature, humidity, or metallurgical changes.
DENT: Describes a hollow in a body panel caused by a sharp blow or impact.
DEPRESSION: Describes an indentation on the surface of a sheet of metal.
DINGING: Describes the procedure of straightening a damaged panel by using a hammer and dolly to bring it back into shape.
FILLING: Describes repairing holes or dents in bodywork using filler paste.
FRAME DAMAGE: Describes body damage to the structural members of the car, usually resulting from accident impact.
FRONT-END IMPACT: Describes an impact as the result of a head-on collision.
GLAZING: Describes the process of applying a special putty to fill minor imperfections when doing body.
GOUGING: Describes the cutting of a groove in the surface of metal using a gas cutting torch.
GRIND: Describes the process of removing metal from an object using a revolving abrasive wheel, disc, or belt.
HEAT- AFFECTED ZONE: Describes the specific part of a base metal that has been altered by the heat from the welding, brazing, or cutting operation.
INDENTATION: Describes concentrated panel damage or specific dent caused when the car has hit or been hit by a relatively small object.
INDIRECT DAMAGE: Describes a type of damage that has not been caused by an immediate impact but by the spread of the impact force into other areas of the body.
INTERNAL DAMAGE: Describes injury to a car’s body shell that is not usually visible from the exterior, often caused by rust forming in the inside of panels and fenders.
LEAD LOADING: Describes the procedure involved in filling dents and damaged areas of the bodywork with body lead.
LAY-UP RESIN: Describes the resin substance for fibreglass mat repairs when used to laminate glass-reinforced plastic (GRP) parts.
PATCHING: Describes a repair method used for welding up areas of corrosion damage through the use of smaller panels made up of sheet metal.
PATTERN PANEL: Describes an aftermarket body panel made for repair purposes in models that the manufacturer has discontinued.  
PITTING: Describes surface damage found in metal in the form of pits or holes.
POLYESTER FILLER: Describes a body repair material used for smoothing dents in body panels.
REPAIR SECTION: Describes a special panel supplied for body repairs that may not include the full panel used for assembling the car but only the most vulnerable areas where damage occurs typically.
SAGGING DOOR: Describes a situation where a side door gets out of line, sitting too low in the opening, caused by an uneven door gap that widens towards the rear bottom but narrows the top. This fault is usually a direct result of the incorrect setting of the door hinges and the lock assembly. However, the problem may be more severe on convertibles, indicating that the vehicle chassis may be bending in the middle.
SECTION REPAIR: Describes an economical repair method that can be carried out on the body of a vehicle that has suffered extensive damage in the event of an accident. The repairs are confined to a specific section of the body shell.
SHRINKING: Describes a body repair technique used to repair locally stretched areas by combining heat with unique body hammer treatments.
SINK IN: Describes the tendency of a hardening filler to excessively settle, causing a build-up of feather edges that stand out on the painted surface.
STRAIGHTENED PANEL: Describes a panel that has been brought back to its original shape with the aid of a hammer and dolly or any other form of metal straightening equipment.  
TWISTED FRAME: Describes a type of frame damage often caused when a vehicle turns over in the event of an accident. The left-hand and right-hand frame members are no longer parallel or level when viewed from the side.

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